Vesuvianite Composition, Crystallization & Structure

Composition. A basic silicate of calcium and aluminum. Contains usually also iron oxides, magnesia and fluorine. Formula uncertain.

Crystallization. Tetragonal. Prismatic in habit often vertically striated. Common forms are prisms of first and second orders, pyramid of first order and base (Figs. 318 and 319). Some crystals show a more complex development with other prisms, pyramids, ditetragonal forms, etc.

Structure. In crystals, also massive, columnar, granular.

Physical Properties. H. = 6.5. G. = 3.35-4.45. Vitreous to resinous luster. Usually green or brown in color; also yellow, blue, red. Commonly sub transparent to translucent. Streak white.

Tests. Fuses with intumescence to a greenish or brownish glass. Only slightly soluble in acids but gelatinizes in hydrochloric acid after simple fusion

Occurrence. Usually to be found in crystalline limestones where they have been metamorphosed by the contact action of igneous rocks. Formed probably by the action upon impure limestone of hot vapors containing water and fluorine given off by the igneous rock. Associated with other contact minerals, such as garnet, pyroxene, tourmaline, chondrodite, ete. Was originally discovered in the ancient ejections of Vesuvius and in the dolomitic blocks of Monte Surname. Important localities are, Zermatt, Switzerland; Ala, Piedmont; Monzoni, Trentino; Vesuvius Christiansand, Norway; Aehmatoosk, Urals; River Vilui, Siberia¡ from the states of Morels and Chiapas, Mexico; in the United States, at Auburn and Sanford, Maine; near Amity, New York; form California including the compact variety, californite; in Canada at Litchfield, Pontiac County; at Templeton, Quebee, etc.

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