Identifying Carbon Minerals


Carbon exists in minerals chiefly in the form of carbonic acid in the carbonates.

Test for Carbon Dioxide with an Acid. All carbonates when treated with a strong acid (best hydrochloric) dissolve with a vigorous effervescence of carbon dioxide gas. In some cases (for example, dolomite, CaMg (CO3)2) the acid needs to be heated to start the reaction, and in others (for example, cerussite, PbCO3) a dilute acid is necessary. Carbon dioxide gas is colorless and odor-less. It will not support combustion, as is shown when a lighted march is placed in a test tube that contains it. The gas is heavier than air and can be poured from the test tube in which it has been generate into another in which some barium hydroxide solution has been placed. When the contests of the latter tube are shaken together, the carbon dioxide reacts with the barium hydroxide to form. It is soluble in ammonium hydroxide. The are elements, bromine and iodine, would give similar reactions.