Froth Flotation Depth
It is interesting mention that the froth depth must be higher in the first cells and reduce its value in the last cells but no excessively because the slurry can overflow from the cells and the bubbles formation could be problematic. See Figures 14 and 15.
The solid percentage in roughing flotation must be in the range 38 to 40%. Work with diluted slurries can affect the hydrodynamic conditions of the cell and the efficiency of each reagent, mainly activated carbon and sodium cyanide.
With respect to cleaning stage, the columns must work with higher level in the first cleaning and increase the level in the second and third stage. The air flow must be high in the first cleaning stage and lower in the second and third cleaning stage. The addition of washed water to be employed is dependent to the gangue and fine particles present in the froth.
Some times, employ CO2 is beneficial because the froth depth can take lower values and consequently is possible increase until certain value lead and bismuth recoveries. But exist a disadvantage, chalcopyrite recovery will reduce its value.
If the separation circuit has on stream analysis system, the calibration must be checked frequently because mineralogy can change and consequently modify the curves employed during the calibration. An alternative method employs a panning dish to observe the final concentrate and rougher tails. The latter is the most interesting product because the bismuth content must be low. For instance, if we take a sample of rougher tails, approx. one liter. At the end of the washing, we could observe a dark blue sector of 0.5 cm2, this area represents approximately 400 to 500 ppm Bi.
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