Flotation Collection


 

To invoke selective hydrophobicity, substances known as collectors are used. Collectors are typically heteropolar organic substances - they contain both polar and non polar chemical groups. The non polar end is almost always a long chain or cyclic hydrocarbon group that is hydrophobic. The collector must be able to attach to the solid, and it does so through its polar end, which is typically an ionic group termed solidophil group. When the solidophil group contact a mineral at a surface site that can chemically interact with the solidophil group, the collector bonds to the surface of the mineral via chemisorption or ionic bonding.

ShowLetter902

Without collector flotation can be very poor.
Some flotation cells can work as conditioners

The non polar end of the collector then orients outward from the solid surface forming at non polar chemical envelope surrounding the solid particle, inducing hydrophobic behavior on an otherwise hydrophilic solid surface. The solid particle can then more readily attach to an air bubble via the hydrophobic end of the collector. Consequently a key to successful froth flotation is to selectively induce, using a suitable collector, hydrophobicity on the desired material to be recovered while retaining hydrophobicity of the non desirable material. It should be also noted that the strength of the induced hydrophobicity of the mineral via collector is directly relatable to the length of the hydrocarbon group while the strength and selectivity of the collector's ionic bonding is controlled by the type of solidophil group.

 

ShowLetter902

Without collector flotation can be very poor.
Some flotation cells can work as conditioners